95ff0421-756a-4de8-9027-9931d2a99a9fInsulated metal panel (IMP)via coil coating and metal panel foamingtechnology mix, at producerProcessesIndustry dataMCAThe data set covers all relevant process steps / technologies over the supply chain of the represented cradle to gate inventory with a good overall data quality. The main source was a data collection from companies voluntarily participating in the Metal Construction Association industry study. Four different facilities supplied primary data to construct this dataset. Upstream data were taken from GaBi databases 2006.
The inventory was calculated for the functional unit of 1,000 sq. ft. (92.9 sqm), which is equivalent to:
* 1,370 kg insulated metal panel (steel sheet)
* 527 kg roll-formed metal cladding (steel sheet)
* 768 kg metal composite material panel (aluminum sheet)128Primary data from four production sites in the United States.The system boundaries compromise the cradle to gate production of insulated metal panels. Two major manufacturing processes are needed to create insulated metal panels. The first is a coil coating process that takes thin (24 gauge or 0.0276") aluminum, steel or galvalume (galvanized steel) sheeting and taking the coil through the following processing steps:
Decoiling --> Tensioning --> Pre-Cleaning --> Drying --> Primer Coating and Painting --> Drying --> Re-coiling
These painted coils are sent to a metal panel foaming facility where polyurethane foam is injected between the coils during the following processing steps:
Coil slitting --> Decoiling --> Embossing --> Roll forming --> Pre-heating --> Foaming --> Curing --> Cutting --> Stacking/finish curing --> Finish/Lamination --> Packaging and loading
The background system is addressed as follows: Electricity, Thermal energy: The electricity (and thermal energy as by-product) used is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly the individual power plants in service are modelled according to the current national grid. This includes net losses and imported electricity. Second, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled. Third, the country-specific fuel supply (share of resources used, by import and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific properties (e.g. element and energy contents) are accounted for. Fourth, the import, transport, mining and exploration processes for the energy carrier supply chain are modelled according to the specific situation of each power-producing country. The different mining and exploration techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different exploration countries are accounted for according to current engineering knowledge and information. Steam: The steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to the technology efficiencies and energy carriers used. Efficiencies range from 84% to 94% in relation to the representative energy carrier (gas, oil, coal). Coal, crude oil and natural gas used for the generation of steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity). Transports: All relevant and known transport processes used are included. Overseas transport including rail and truck transport to and from major ports for imported bulk resources are included. Furthermore all relevant and known pipeline and / or tanker transport of gases and oil imports are included. Energy carriers: Coal, crude oil, natural gas and uranium are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity). Refinery products: Diesel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, basic oils and residues such as bitumen are modelled via a country-specific, refinery parameterized model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refinery techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption,...) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. Hence the refinery products used show the individual country-specific use of resources. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific crude oil situation with the respective properties of the resources.Coverage and enclosure of space; construction of buildingIndustryData_MCA_IMP_US.jpgLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - market valueAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - recycled contentMass or area allocation was applied in the production process. The avoided burden approach was used for treatment of recycled content.
Background data: For the combined heat and power production, allocation by exergetic content is applied. For the electricity generation and by-products, e.g. gypsum, allocation by market value is applied due to no common physical properties. Within the refinery allocation by net calorific value and mass is used. For the combined crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production allocation by net calorific value is applied. For additional details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles".All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95 % of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98 % of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgement).
For further details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneProcess data represents a production volume weighted average for IMP production in the US.
For details regarding background data, please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles".NoneData were collected and treated to ensure the resulting inventory is representative for the average US panel production. Data collection period: one year production. The datset is representative for the state of technology in 2010.NonePEI 2012 - Life Cycle Assessment of MCA Production Processes, Metal Roof and Wall Products95.0Calendar year 2010The data set represents a cradle to gate inventory for insulated metal panels. Process that takes in metal sheeting with a squarefooting of 2x and outputs an insulated metal panel with a squarefooting of x. This represents the process whereby insulated metal panel is made from two sheets of metal filled with insulating foam.All relevant flows quantifiedThe panel comprised of the following members:
* Thomas P. Gloria, Ph.D., LCACP, Managing Director, Industrial Ecology Consultants (Chair)
* Jamie K. Meil Managing Director, Athena Sustainable Materials Institute
* Alfred Dunlop, Independent Coil Coating Industry Expert
Critical Review Objectives
Per ISO 14044:2006(E), the critical review process included the following objectives to ensure conformance with applicable standards:
* The methods used to carry out the LCA were consistent with the applicable international standards
* The methods used to carry out the LCA were scientifically and technically valid
* The data used were appropriate and reasonable in relation to the goal of the study
* The interpretations reflected the limitations identified and the goal of the study, and
* The study report was transparent and consistent
Review Results
The review results of the Draft Report of the study are as follows. Overall the LCA practitioners accomplished the goals set forth by the study. General areas in need of improvement include the following:
(1) Additional details on unit process descriptions should be included in the report,
(2) Any revisions made to the original goal and scope submitted to the reviewers and the goal and scope contained in the Draft Report reviewed should be justified and documented in the report,
(3) Provide additional details supporting the basis of the exclusion of the TRACI 2.0 human health criteria pollutant potential methodology that it #does not measure human health measures well#.
(4) Provide discussion in Section 4.7 Limitations, regarding justification for not including uncertainty and sensitivity analysis based on reasons of not disclosing proprietary information, particularly as it relates to the inability to obtain representative data of US steel production activities.
(5) If this study is to be used as the basis for further analysis that includes fundamental changes in data, data modeling, or exclusion or modification of impact categories, such as in the support of environmental product declarations, any and all modifications should be clearly specified.
Additional detailed technical and editorial comments and recommendations were submitted by the review panel with responses to all comments by PE International, Inc. as an appendix to this report.
Conclusion
On the basis of the goals set forth to review this study, the review panel concludes that the study generally conforms to the applicable ISO standards as a comprehensive study that may be disclosed to the public. The reviewers recommend the careful consideration and incorporation of items 1-5 listed above, particularly item 5, the explicit mention of any changes to the data, data modeling, or the set of LCIA methods used in this analysis that are disclosed to the public.
The reviewers recognize that the practitioners do not have access to LCI data representative of US steel production activities. The reviewers believe that this is a serious technical limitation to the study based on the significant difference in production technologies used in the US versus globally. The MCA should seriously consider either the delay or the update of this LCA study to incorporate steel production data representative of US production activities when made available.Metal Construction Association (MCA)LCI datasets for life cycle assessments of key MCA products.thinkstep2017-01-01T00:00:00+01:00ILCD format 1.1thinkstep2017-01-01T00:00:00+01:0011.00.000Data set finalised; entirely publishedMetal Construction Association (MCA)trueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Insulated metal panel (IMP)Output110.000Mixed primary / secondaryMeasured