6dc3ec5d-d30b-4e4d-bcd9-9612fc233abfElectricity from wind powerAC, technology mix of onshore and offshoreproduction mix, at plant1kV - 60kVPower from wind powerProcessesEnergy conversionElectricity supplyElectricity grid mixElectricity from wind powerThe data set covers all relevant process steps and technologies along the supply chain. The country / region specific share of onshore and offshore electricity generation as well annual full load hours are taken into account. The inventory is partly based on primary industry data, partly on secondary literature data.539The data set represents the average national or region specific electricity production based on wind power. Main technologies are considered according to the national or region specific situation.Foreground system:
The data set includes an average onshore and offshore wind model. The following life cycle phases are considered in both models: Production, transportation, installation, operation, dismantling and removal of the wind turbines incl. electrical gear.
Main components modeled are:
- Rotor (spinner + three blades)
- Nacelle
- Tower
- Foundation for the turbines
The wind converter system also includes:
- Transformer station
- Electrical gear
- Internal cables which connect the turbines to the transformer station
- External cables which connect the wind park to the existing electricity grid
Losses in the cables and transformer station are included and calculated to approximately 5%. Shares of onshore to offshore wind power is modelled country / region specific.
Onshore model:
The onshore model is based on a 300 MW wind park, operating 182 wind turbines with 1.65 MW each. The rotor blade length is 82m. The capacity factor is 40.8 (efficiency of the electricity generation in relation to a theoretical maximum of electricity generation). Operational life time of the wind turbines and cables is 20 years. Maintenance is included as well as the change of service material like oil for the generator. Full load hours are considered for the actual region using statistical information and are hence region / country specific.
Offshore model:
The onshore model is based on a 300 MW wind park, operating 100 wind turbines with 3.00 MW each. The rotor blade length is 90m. The capacity factor is 54.2 (efficiency of the electricity generation in relation to a theoretical maximum of electricity generation). Operational life time of the wind turbines and cables is 20 years. Maintenance is included as well as the change of service material like oil for the generator. Full load hours are considered for the actual region using statistical information and are hence region / country specific.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Supply of 1 kWh medium voltage (1kV - 60kV) electricity to final consumers.Energy_Electricity_from_Wind_Power.JPGLCI resultAttributionalNoneNot applicableNoneAll data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land Use Change Model DocumentationGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95% of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98% of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgment).NoneThe data sources for the complete product system are sufficiently consistent: Production data of the wind converters are from industry. Emission values of the energy and material resources used are based on average European conditions (key emissions are based on measured operating data taken from literature). LCI modelling is fully consistent.NoneElectricity generation by onshore and offshore is modelled individually and mixed to a national / regional specific technology mix.
For each type, an average representative state-of-the-art wind converter LCA model is set up. The operation phase of the wind power is completed by individual national / regional operation data.NoneWind in power 2011 - European statisticsWind - 2011 Annual ReportStatistical Yearbook 2011Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2013Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2013Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2013Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2013World Energy Statistics 2013Electricity Information 2013K.Weissermel, H.- J. 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Verordnung zur Durchführung des Bundes-ImmissionsschutzgesetzesAustria's National Inventory Report 2010Austria's Informative Inventory Report (IIR) 2010Australian National Greenhouse Accounts (NIR)Australian electricity generation report 2008Appendix H: Calorific Value, Price, and Emission Coefficients of Energy KindsAppendix 17 Thermal values and Emission factors energy.xls GWP conversion factors 2006Anthropogenic Emissions from Energy Activities in IndiaEmission Estimation Technique Manual for Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation Version 2.3Emisiones atmosféricas de las centrales eléctricas en América del NorteEMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook - 2009Electricity Gas AustraliaElectric Power Industry 2009: Year in ReviewDigest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2010Denmark's National Inventory report 2010Danish Emission inventories for stationary combustion plantsCompilation of Air Pollutant Emission FactorsClimate change - Immision InventoryBVT - Festlegung in ausgewählten industriellen Bereichen als Beitrag zur Erfüllung der Klimasch...Brennstoffe und Verbrennungsrechnung, 2. AuflageBrennstoffe und VerbrennungsrechnungBelgium's Greenhouse Gas Inventory (1990-2008)Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Netherlands 1990-2008Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Finland 1990-2008Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Estonia 1990-2008Greenhouse Gas Emission in EstoniaGHG Inventories 2008 - Common Reporting Format (CRF)Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren für Feuerungsanlagen in DeutschlandErarbeitung der Grundlagen für das BVT - Merkblatt GroßfeuerungsanlagenEnvironmental Report 2008Energy Futures and Urban Air Pollution: Challenges for China and the United StatesEmissionsschätzungen für SO2, NO2, NMVOC und NH3 in Deutschland 2000-2020Emissionsfaktoren und KohlenstoffgehalteEmissions of greenhouse gases in Iceland from 1990 to 2008Evaluation Criteria Investment Proposals (translated from hellenic)Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Reports of Spain 1990-2008Life Cycle Inventory for Electricity Generation in ChinaLiechtenstein`s Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report 1990 -2008Latvia's Informative Inventory 1990- 2008Italian Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990-2008Ireland - Informative Inventory Report 2010Inventory of the U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (1990 -2008)Inventaire des emissions des grandes installations de combustion en FranceIntegrated Report 2010Informative Inventory ReportIndia's Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeOrganisation et methodes des inventaires nationaux des emission atmospheriques en FranceNIR pour la France au titre de la convention cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiquesNew Zealand's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990 - 2007National Inventory Report for 1985-2008 - HungaryNational Inventory Report 2010 SwedenNational Inventory Report 2010 NorwayNational Inventory Report 2010 for Greenhouse Gas EmissionsNational Inventory Report 2010National Inventory Report 2010National Inventory ReportNational Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of the Czech Republic, NIRNational Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of JapanNational Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory Report 2009 of the Republic of LithuaniaLuxembourg´s National Inventory Report 2010 (1990 -2008)Lithuanians's Informative Inventory 2008Switzerland's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990-2008Sumas Energy 2 Generation Facility Air Quality Issue SummarySubmission under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and under the Kyoto Protocol 2010Slovenia's National Inventory Report 2010Slovak Republic National Inventory Report 2010Romania's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1989-2008Romanian Informative Inventory 2008Renewables Information 2010Power Hungry: Reinventing The U.S. Electric GridPower Connections: Canadian Electricity Trade and Foreign PolicyPortuguese National Inventory Report on Grennhouse Gases, 1990-2008Portuguese Informative Inventory 1990-2008Poland's Informative Inventory 2010UK Greenhouse gas inventory, 1990 to 2008Turkey Greenhouse gas Inventory, 1990 to 2008The European Pollutant Release and Transfer RegisterTelefonische Recherche - Preis KraftwerksnebenprodukteErstellung der Grundlagen für einen harmonisierten und fortschreibbaren Datensatz des dts StrommixesAir pollutant emissions from stationary installations using bioenergy in the NLs BOLK Phase 2Bioenergy Development in G8+ 5 CountriesBiokraftstoffeDirective 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009Renews SpezialRichtlinie 2009/28/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 23. April 2009The State of Renewable Energies in EuropePlant-by-Plant emissions of SO2, NOx and dust and energy input to large combustion plants covered...The CEA Mercury programChloroprene - Données technico-économiques sur les substances chimiques en France - 2006Full fuel cycle greenhouse gas emission analysis for proposed Kwinana CCGT power stationWasserkraftanlagenWasserkraftanlagenThe Issue of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydroelectric Reservoirs: From Boreal To Tropical RegionsSnowy Mountain SchemeSetting up LC Models for the environmental analysis of hydropower generationLCA av Vattenkraft - Blanda LandsvirkjunHydropower Development in Brazil: Experiences and perspectivesHydroelectric Pumped Storage Electricity Net GenerationElectricity - consumption by pump-storage plantsDeutsche WasserkraftindustrieAusbaupotential der WasserkraftEPA - Health and Environmental Effects Profile for 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene, 1984Análise economica para a Substituição do uso de combustível por NGC no transporte público de passageKinetics of Palm Oil Transesterification in a Batch Reactor2011 Domestic Uranium Production Report, 20122011 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, 2012Uranium 2011: Resources, Production and Demand, 2012Nuclear fuel supply China, 2012Annual Report 2011, 2012Die Versorgung Deutschlands mit Uran - Stand 21/07/2010, 2010World Nuclear AssociationUmwelterklärung Urenco Deutschland GmbHSystemstudie: Andere EntsorgungstechnikSustainability Report 2009Sustainability of Uranium Mining and Milling: Toward Quantifying Resources and Eco-EfficiencySources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing RadiationRapport Public Annuel 2009Rapport environnemental, social, sociétal, de sûreté nucléaire et de radioprotection 2008Martin Marietta- Magnesia specialitiesRadiation Protection No 153Radiation Protection No 143Nuclear Fuel Cycle Risk AssessmentGreenhouse Gas Emissions of Electricity Generation Chains - Assessing The DifferenceProduction of iron oxideEvaluation of Environmental-Control Tech. for Commercial Nuclear-Fuel-Conversions (UF6) FacilitiesMeGlobal- Diethylene GlycoleEnrichment and Conversions of Fission Reactor Fuel ElementsEnriching the futureElectricity Information 2004Donald R. Sadoway A thermochemical analysis of anhydrous magnesium chlorideOsmotischer DruckAuswertung PV-LeistungVerhaltenes Lächeln auf langen GesichternThin Film 2010: Market Outlook to 2015Sustainability: keeping the Thin Film Industry greenSolar Generation V - 2008Levos- Production of magnesiaPV Status Report 2009Potential of solar electricity generation in the EU member states and candidate countriesPhotovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS)Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS)Photovoltaic CellsMethodology Guidelines on Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaic ElectricityGlobal market outlook for photovoltaic until 2013Environmental Life Cycle Inventory of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic System ProductionGlobal PV Demand Analysis and ForecastPhotovoltaik & Renewable Energy ReportsPhotovoltaik-Markt Deutschland - Eine ErfolgsstorySENSE - Sustainability Evaluation of Solar Energy SystemsUpdate of the environmental indicators and Energy Payback Time (EPBT) of CIS Modules and scenario...Update of environmental indicators and energy payback time of CdTe PV systems in EuropePhotovoltaic Fact Sheets - The Status of the PV IndustryKunststoffverwertung im Kanton Zug, 2004Pääkaupunkiseudun kotitalouksien sekajätteen määrä ja laatu (Waste study of MSW in Helsinki), 2004Heavy metals in waste incineration, 1993Contribution of spent batteries to the metal flows of municipal solid waste, 2005Einsatz von Ersatzbrennstoffen in einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, 2003Fachabteilung Abfall und Stoffflusswirtschaft: Restmüllzusammensetzungen 2003, 2003Aufkommen, Beseitigung und Verwertung von Abfällen im Jahr 2004, 2006Messung der Güter- und Stoffbilanz einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, 1995Trender och variationer I hushällsavfallets sammansättning, 2005Distribution of seven heavy metals in European household waste in components, 1989Biologisch abbaubarer Kohlenstoff im Restmüll, 2003Evaluation program for municipal solid waste incineration plants, 1999Untersuchung von Batterieverwertungsverfahren und -anlagen, 2001Transfer coefficients, residues and technology of modern waste incinerators, 2007Abfalldatenblatt Altöl - Stoffliche Zusammensetzung/Schadstoffbelastung der Altöle, 2002Ökobilanzierende Untersuchung thermischer Entsorgungsverfahren für brennbare Abfälle, 2005Regenerative Anteile in Siedlungsabfällen und Sekundärbrennstoffen, 2001Management of Bottom Ash from WtE Plants, International Solid Waste Association, 2006ISWA paper on handling of APC residues, 2003Management of APC Residues from WtE Plants - An overview of important management options, 2003Evaluation report 2006, Municipal Wasteplan 2003-2007, 2006Characterisation and management of residues from municipal solid waste incineration, 1995Getting a charge out of the waste stream: the status of consumer battery recovery, 1992Modelling waste incineration for life-cycle inventory analysis in Switzerland, 2001Restmüllzusammensetzungen in Niederösterreich 2001-2002, 2002Klimarelevanz der kommunalen Wiener Abfallwirtschaft, 2005Chemische Zusammensetzung industriell hergestellter Gläser, 2007National Waste Report 2005: Data Update, 2005IPPC - Reference Document on the Best Available Techniques for Waste Incineration, 2006Batterien und Akkumulatoren sowie Altbatterien und Altakkumulatoren, 2003EUROSTAT - Waste generated and treated in Europe, Data 1990-2001, 2003EUROSTAT - Municipal waste management in accession countries, 2002Abfallbilanz 2005 für die Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf, 2006Der Beitrag der therm. Abfallbehandlung zu Klimaschutz, Luftreinhaltung und Ressourcenschonung, 2002Key facts about: Waste and Recycling - Household waste and recycling 1983/4 - 2005/6, 2007Value from waste - Amsterdam vision on waste-2-energy management, 2006Thermally Treated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Waste-to-Energy plants 2005, 2005Erhebung der Kehrichtzusammensetzung 2001/2002, 2003The use of chemical composition data in waste management planning - A case study, 2005Thermische Behandlungsanlagen Siedlungsabfall, 2007Zusammensetzung und Schadstoffgehalt von Siedlungsabfällen, 2003MODECOM Méthode de Caractérisation des Ordures Ménagères, période 2003-2006, 2006Eurostat - Treatment of waste 2008CEWEP Energy Report II (Status 2004-2007), 2009Thermische Abfallbehandlung in Deutschland aktuellEnergie aus Abfall 2008MSW in the USBioenergy RecoveryWaste-to-energy in JapanLife cycle assessment of electricity produced from onshore sited wind power plantsWorld Wind Report 2009Electricity Information 2014World Energy Statistics 2014Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2014Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2014Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2014Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2014Statistical Yearbook 2012IEA Wind - 2012 Annual reportWind in power 2012 - European statistics Wind in power 2013 - European statistics The European offshore wind industry - key trends and statistics 2013IEA Wind - 2013 Annual report Statistical Yearbook 2013Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2015Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2015Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries 2015Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2015World Energy Statistics 2015Electricity Information 2015Ermittlung und Evaluierung der Feinstaubemissionen aus Kleinfeuerungsanlagen, 2003US EPA - AP 42 Emission Factors95.02008- 2016NoneThe data set can be used for all LCA/CF studies where medium voltage electricity from wind power is needed. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs.All relevant flows quantifiedCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (FAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (MAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Terrestric Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Human Toxicity Potential (HTP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years), excl biogenic carbonCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), Land Use Change only, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), excl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), incl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightAnthropogenic Abiotic Depletion Potential (AADP), TU BerlinResource depletion water, midpoint (v1.06)Resource depletion, mineral, fossils and renewables, midpoint (v1.06)Climate change midpoint, incl biogenic carbon (v1.06)Particulate matter/Respiratory inorganics midpoint (v1.06)Acidification midpoint (v1.06)Eutrophication terrestrial midpoint (v1.06)Climate change midpoint, excl biogenic carbon (v1.06)Eutrophication freshwater midpoint (v1.06)Ionizing radiation midpoint, human health (v1.06)Eutrophication marine midpoint (v1.06)Ozone depletion midpoint (v1.06)Photochemical ozone formation midpoint, human health (v1.06)Ecotoxicity freshwater midpoint (v1.06)Human toxicity midpoint, cancer effects (v1.06)Human toxicity midpoint, non-cancer effects (v1.06)IPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightPrimary energy from non renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from non renewable resources (net cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (net cal. value)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (net cal. value)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (gross cal. value)ReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Ecotoxicity (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Resources, Fossil fuelsTRACI 2.1, Human Health Particulate AirTRACI 2.1, Ozone Depletion AirTRACI 2.1, Smog AirTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, AcidificationTRACI 2.1, EutrophicationTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, LUC only, no norm/weightUBP 2013, Global warmingUBP 2013, Pesticides into soilUBP 2013, Radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into airUBP 2013, Water resourcesUBP 2013, Energy resourcesUBP 2013, Water pollutantsUBP 2013, Heavy metals into soilUBP 2013, Mineral resourcesUBP 2013, POP into waterUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into waterUBP 2013, Carcinogenic substances into airUBP 2013, Heavy metals into airUBP 2013, Land useUBP 2013, Heavy metals into waterUBP 2013, Main air pollutantsUBP 2013, Ozone layer depletionUBP 2013, Non radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Global warming, incl Land Use ChangeUBP 2013, Global warming, Land Use Change onlyUSEtox, Ecotoxicity (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)Total freshwater consumption (including rainwater)Blue water consumptionBlue water useTotal freshwater useThe LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.thinkstepLBP-GaBiIBP-GaBiOverall quality according to different validation schemes
GaBi = 1,8 interpreted into "good overall quality" in the GaBi quality validation scheme
ILCD = 1,9 interpreted into "basic overall quality" in the ILCD quality validation scheme
PEF = 1,8 interpreted into "very good overall quality" in the PEF quality validation schemeThe dataset and systems, which are provided with our software and databases for public use into a broad user community, are constantly used, compared, benchmarked, screened, reviewed and results published in various external, professional and third party LCA applications in industry, academia and politics. So user feedback via the online GaBi forum or direct via user information is a standard routine in the maintenance and update process and leads to stable quality and constant control and improvement of data, if knowledge or technology improves or industrial process chains develop or change.GaBi user forumGaBi bug forumGaBi user communityGaBi conformity systemFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedUNEP SETAC Life Cycle InitiativeNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedILCD Data Network - Entry-levelNot definedFully compliantFully compliantNot definedFully compliantNot definedthinkstepThis background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.thinkstep2017-01-01T00:00:00+01:00ILCD format 1.1thinkstepNo official approval by producer or operator2017-01-01T00:00:00+01:0011.00.000Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesthinksteptrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.ElectricityOutput3.63.60.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivation